Diabetes Care

Diabetes is the result of your body either not producing enough insulin or not using what is produced correctly, causing your sugar levels to be too high. This results in high blood sugar, which can cause serious health problems that can impact the eyes, kidneys, nerves and heart. Insulin is a hormone that can offset the effects of diabetes. It works to convert sugars, starches and other foods into energy your body uses to function normally.

If you have diabetes, you're one of 26 million Americans, children and adults, living with this lifelong disease. But with proper treatment, you can live an active, healthy, and long life.

Prediabetes

Prediabetes is a serious health condition that is a result of blood sugar levels being higher than normal, but not high enough for a type 2 diabetes diagnosis. An estimated 96 million adults in the United States have prediabetes. Prediabetes may not have any clear symptoms.

Talk to your doctor about testing your blood sugar if you have any of the following risk factors:

• Overweight
• Are 45 years or older
• A close family member (parent or sibling) with type 2 diabetes
• Are physically active less than 3 times a week
• Have had gestational diabetes or have given birth to a baby weighing over nine pounds
• Have been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome
• According to the CDC, African Americans, Latino Americans, American Indians, Pacific Islanders, and some Asian Americans are at higher risk for prediabetes.

Diabetes Symptoms

It is important to also know the signs of type 2 diabetes. Talk to your doctor about blood sugar testing if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms:

• Increased thirst
• Frequent urination
• Increased hunger
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Numbness or tingling in the feet or hands
• Frequent infections
• Slow-healing sores
• Unintended weight loss

Managing diabetes 

Managing diabetes effectively involves a combination of lifestyle changes, medication (if prescribed), regular monitoring, and health care support. The specific approach to managing diabetes can vary depending on the type of diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, or another type) and individual needs, but here are some general guidelines for managing diabetes:

• Blood sugar monitoring: Regularly monitor blood glucose levels as advised by your health care team. This helps you understand how different factors like food, physical activity, and medication affect your blood sugar levels.

• Healthy eating:

  • Follow a balanced and nutritious diet that includes a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.

  • Monitor carbohydrate intake, as carbohydrates have the most significant impact on blood sugar levels.

  • Consider working with a registered dietitian or nutritionist to create a personalized meal plan.

• Regular physical activity:

  • Engage in regular physical activity as recommended by your health care provider. Exercise can help lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.

  • Choose activities you enjoy, such as walking, swimming, or cycling, and aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.

• Medication or insulin:

  • Take prescribed medications or insulin as directed by your health care provider.

  • Follow a consistent medication schedule and never skip doses.

  • Be aware of the potential side effects of medications and report any concerns to your health care team.

• Blood pressure and cholesterol control:

  • Manage blood pressure and cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of heart disease, which is common in people with diabetes.

  • Medications may be prescribed to control blood pressure and cholesterol if needed.

• Regular check-ups:

  • Schedule regular check-ups with your health care team, which may include your primary care physician, endocrinologist, and other specialists.

  • Regular monitoring helps track your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed.

• Stress management:

  • Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing, or hobbies that help you relax.

  • Stress can affect blood sugar levels, so managing stress is essential.