Hypertension and obesity

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a medical condition in which the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. 

What is the link between hypertension and obesity?

• Increased blood volume: Excess body fat requires more blood to supply oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. To meet this demand, the heart pumps blood more vigorously, causing an increase in blood pressure.

• Hormonal changes: Fat cells, especially abdominal fat, produce hormones and cytokines that can affect blood pressure regulation. These hormonal changes can lead to increased blood pressure.

• Insulin resistance: Obesity often leads to insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's cells don't respond effectively to insulin. Insulin resistance is associated with higher blood pressure.

• Inflammation: Obesity is linked to chronic inflammation in the body. Inflammatory substances can constrict blood vessels and promote plaque buildup, both of which contribute to hypertension.

• Sleep apnea (link to new sleep apnea page): Obesity is a common cause of obstructive sleep apnea, a condition where breathing is temporarily interrupted during sleep. Sleep apnea is a known risk factor for hypertension.

• Kidney function: Obesity can affect kidney function, which plays a crucial role in blood pressure regulation. When the kidneys don't function properly, blood pressure can rise.

Symptoms of obesity-related hypertension

• Headaches

• Shortness of breath

• Chest pain

• Dizziness or lightheadedness

• Vision changes

• Fatigue

• Nosebleeds